The Reason Why The Stepper Motor loses step and Vibrates?

The Stepper Motor is an open-loop motor that converts angular displacement into angular displacement. When the stepper motor does not lose a step, the speed, the position of the stop is determined by the frequency of the pulse signal and the number of pulses. When the stepper motor receives a pulse signal, the motor will rotate at a fixed angle with a set direction. By controlling the signal number and signal frequency, the number of angular displacement and speed can be controlled. Besides, there is an error between the real angle and the theoretical angle. However, when the stepper motor does not lose steps, the error will not accumulate.

But, how can we avoid losing steps? First, we should know the factor that contributes to losing steps:

1. The selection of the stepper motor is improper, the torque of the motor is not enough or the inertia of the motion of the object exceeds the motor self-locking force.

2. The selection of the driver is improper, the driver current is too small, which will affect the normal operation. The rated current of the driver should more than 1.2-1.5 times the rated current of the stepper motor.

3. The selection of the power supply is improper, the current of the power supply is 1.5-2 times the rated current of the driver.

4. The control part should eliminate interference, away from the frequency converter, anti-static. The equipment should take grounding handling solutions, prevent induced electricity. The signal lines should be shielded. The starting frequency should be set. When the acceleration of the rotor is slower than the rotary field of the stepper motor, the motor will lose steps. Because the electric power is not enough, the torque can not make the speed of the rotor follow the rational speed of the stator magnetic field, which will lose steps.

The reason why the stepper motor loses steps is that the selection of the stepper motor driver is improper. Only choosing the right stepper motor driver, the stepper motor gives it plays to advantages. If low vibration and high precision are required, it can equip with a subdivision driver. For a high torque motor, the high voltage driver is a preference. But, it is better not to use switching power, especially high torque motor.

The reason why the stepper motor has vibration is that the received pulse frequency is equal to the inherited frequency of the stepper motor, which is related to the subdivision. When we use a stepper motor, the subdivision capability of the driver is very important. The smaller the resonance range, the better.